Gemine et al. showed that after adjusting for various factors, smokers with NSCLC were more likely to die within one year compared to never-smokers . It is possible that smoking has more detrimental effects in female lung cancer patients compared to male patients because they have relatively smaller lung volumes than men, and therefore, tobacco smoke can damage a larger proportion of the lung. Ryu et al. showed that among Korean patients with lung cancer, the unfavorable effects of smoking on pulmonary function were greater in women compared to men and suggested that the higher susceptibility might be attributed to lower lung volume .
In spite of the above-mentioned advances and changes, the unemployment rate of women in higher academic careers still remains high. Most women workers are still engaged in low-wage jobs where they are subject to employment or wage discrimination. Although the participation of married women in economic activities is continuously increasing, the supply of public childcare facilities for children of low-income women workers falls short of the sharply growing demand. These problems have continued to increase despite the Government’s implementation of economic and social development plans.
- In the corporate world, women only hold about 21% of managerial positions and only 5% of executive positions in South Korean companies.
- The first group of women to serve in the South Korean army enlisted in 1950 in response to the outbreak of the Korean War.
- What remains, she concluded, is the challenge of changing men’s attitudes toward women.
- This registry was developed to construct an unbiased lung cancer database to represent the Korean lung cancer population.
- The strength of this study was the use of national cancer registry data, which are data representing all Korean patients with lung cancer.
- A Korean girl would want you to respect her along with her family and culture.
Economic policy research by the Institute’s 50+ internationally recognized scholars is the foundation of our mission and work. And collaboration on a host of issues concerning the diaspora of Korean women. Discrimination against working mothers by employers is also reed about hot korean women at https://thegirlcanwrite.net/hot-korean-women/ absurdly common.
Women were recruited to perform work in telecommunications, stenography and typing. The amount of women in the South Korean military was limited at this time, and women that enlisted were not given the same responsibilities as men. It was a common belief that female soldiers could not perform as well as their male counterparts in combat, and many female officers have struggled with the physical intensity of basic training.
An essay about Korean women’s role in society and its rapid change in the last century. Gender and the political opportunities of democratization in South Korea . In 2013 Kwon Seon-joo became South Korea’s first female bank CEO, as the CEO of state-owned Industrial Bank of Korea. In 2012, Samsung promoted three women into executive roles, which was unusual for a company of its size.
Study patient selection
This means that almost 99% of the current South Korean women have access to primary and secondary education. The increasing presence of women and the changes in Korean society have brought the government to the realization that it must develop new policies for women. By a presidential decree, the National Committee on Women’s Policies was formed in 1983.
What it’s like to be a woman in South Korea
Through this test, a discriminatory feasibility test between work-family conflict and work-family fostering revealed a significant negative correlation. Simultaneous inspection of WFC and workplace satisfaction confirmed validity, and as the work-family conflict grows, women’s work satisfaction decreases. And it has created the prejudice that the workplace of female workers is where they stay “temporarily.” In today’s South Korean society, the Constitution ensures equal access to education for women and also eliminates any discrimination regarding receiving education based on gender. In addition, according to 2002 estimates, the literacy rate increased to 97.9%; 96.6% of women and 99.2% of men are literate. According to 2008 estimates, there is approximately a 99% enrolment rate for both elementary school and middle school.
She concluded that electoral mechanisms such as proportional representation and party lists offer the best opportunities for better women’s representation. Oklahoma State University’s Robert Darcy provided a hopeful assessment of the underrepresentation issue, noting that the presence of quotas in both national assembly and district elections hastens the election of females. Support for women in politics is also discerned in attitudes and institutions (the Korean Women’s Development Institute is government-established and funded, while the Korean League of Women Voters promotes women’s political access). An interesting regional variation on traditional female roles continued in the late 1980s.
All Korean citizens are guaranteed for national health insurance under the National Health Insurance Act. South Korea has worked on its way to implement gender equality by revising and changing any discriminative contents in its existing legislative laws since the 1980s. At the end of 18th century, the emergence of Practical Science introduced the issue of equal human rights and, in a limited way, provided positive views on the women’s social participation. And the introduction of Western Learning became a prime motivating factor in stressing the equality of humanity and in treating women as human beings.
A woman was elected in a by-election to the first National Assembly. And in 1951 another woman successfully passed the national judicial examination and became the first woman lawyer. Meanwhile, 24.5 percent said it has to do with the public’s prejudiced thoughts that male politicians are “supposed to be more capable” than their female counterparts. Researchers found that 69.5 percent of participants think that women are not participating enough in politics, despite Korea being a developed nation.
However, the recent debate over the abolition of the family headship system in South Korea has emerged as an important social issue. Considering that many never-smokers are exposed to passive smoking in their households, a future study accounting for this factor is necessary. Second, the TNM classification of the 7th edition was used to define cancer stages in the patients, so this should be taken into account when applying the results of our study to other lung cancer populations. Third, comorbidities including interstitial lung disease were not evaluated in our study. Lastly, our data were retrospectively collected from the randomly sampled patients group representing whole newly diagnosed lung cancer population in 2014, however, not all patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer were evaluated in this study. We believe that limitation of relatively small number of study patients were overcome by careful sorting sampling process, but it should be taken into account for interpretation of results. Behaviours such as stereotyping, discrimination, demeaning or contemptuous speech, regarding women as sex objects, focusing on appearance and age, and replacing women with body parts or genitals, have become commonplace in South Korean online culture.
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